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Sermorelin research

What published studies found for Sermorelin: 8 papers, 6 in humans, with sample sizes and key results.

B
Some human evidence
Why: Small RCTs in GH-deficient children showed growth but less than GH; adult anti-aging data come from small, mostly uncontrolled trials.

Sermorelin (GHRH(1-29)NH2) was studied in human trials mainly as a diagnostic test and as a growth treatment for children with GH deficiency, where it increased height velocity but less than GH itself. Evidence for anti-aging or body-composition use in adults is limited to small trials, largely with related GHRH analogs.

✓ 2 positive✗ 2 negative~ 3 mixed? 1 inconclusive

Human safety data come mainly from pediatric GH-deficiency trials of 6-12 months; there are no long-term data for adult anti-aging use.

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Reported side effects

Human studies

✗ Negativehuman RCTActa Paediatr Suppl · 1993

A comparative study of growth hormone (GH) and GH-releasing hormone(1-29)-NH2 for stimulation of growth in children with GH deficiency.

n = 60 humansRandomized comparison of GHRH(1-29)-NH2 (30 or 60 ug/kg/day) vs GH (0.1 IU/kg/day)6 months

In 60 GH-deficient children randomized for 6 months, GHRH(1-29)-NH2 gave height velocities of ~9.2-9.3 cm/year vs 14.6 cm/year with GH (p < 0.01); nearly all GHRH-treated children developed GHRH antibodies.

Key resultMean height velocities at 6 months were 9.2, 9.3 and 14.6 cm/year (low-dose GHRH, high-dose GHRH, GH); growth better with GH (p < 0.01); all 20 high-dose and 19 of 20 low-dose GHRH patients developed GHRH antibodies
Studied
Children with proven growth hormone deficiency of hypothalamic origin
Compared with
Growth hormone
Main outcome
Height velocity
Sample
60 GH-deficient children randomized into three equal groups of 20
Authors' conclusion
Continuous GHRH(1-29)-NH2 infusion over 6 months, or a depot preparation, is unlikely to be as effective as GH for promoting growth in GHD.
Limitations
Continuous infusion regimen over 6 months; GHRH antibodies developed in nearly all treated children.
PubMed 8329830DOI
~ Mixedhuman RCTActa Paediatr Suppl · 1993

Growth response to growth hormone-releasing hormone(1-29)-NH2 compared with growth hormone.

n = 43 humansRandomized three-arm comparison: low-dose GHRH(1-29)-NH2 (30 ug/kg/day), high-dose (60 ug/kg/day), or GH (0.1 IU/kg/day)6 months

In 43 children with hypothalamic GH deficiency, high-dose GHRH(1-29)-NH2 for 6 months gave height velocity comparable to GH, but only GH improved height SDS for bone age; the low dose was least effective.

Key resultHeight velocity lowest in the low-dose group but comparable in high-dose and GH groups; height SDS for bone age increased only in the GH group
Studied
Prepubertal children aged 4.3-18.9 years with GH deficiency of hypothalamic origin
Compared with
Growth hormone
Main outcome
Height velocity, height SDS for bone age, GH and IGF-I responses
Sample
43 prepubertal children (low-dose n=15, high-dose n=12, GH n=16)
Authors' conclusion
High-dose GHRH(1-29)-NH2 gave height velocity comparable to GH, but only GH increased height SDS for bone age.
Limitations
Abstract truncated in source; small groups.
PubMed 8329826DOI
✓ Positivehuman trialJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · 1996

Once daily subcutaneous growth hormone-releasing hormone therapy accelerates growth in growth hormone-deficient children during the first year of therapy. Geref International Study Group.

n = 110 humansMulticenter open-label study, 30 ug/kg GHRH-(1-29) subcutaneously at bedtimeUp to 1 year

In an open-label multicenter study of 110 GH-deficient children, nightly sermorelin raised height velocity from 4.1 to 7.2 cm/year at 12 months without adverse biochemical changes.

Key resultMean height velocity rose from 4.1 +/- 0.9 cm/yr at baseline to 8.0 +/- 1.5 (6 months) and 7.2 +/- 1.3 cm/yr (12 months); 74% were good responders at 6 months
Studied
Prepubertal GH-deficient children
Compared with
None (open-label, baseline comparison)
Main outcome
Height velocity, bone age progression, safety
Sample
110 previously untreated prepubertal GH-deficient children, 86 eligible for efficacy analysis
Authors' conclusion
Once-daily subcutaneous 30 ug/kg GHRH-(1-29) was effective in increasing height velocity in GH-deficient children and was well tolerated.
Limitations
Open-label, no control group; one year.
PubMed 8772599DOI
✗ Negativehuman trialActa Paediatr Suppl · 1993

Growth hormone (GH) profiles in response to continuous subcutaneous infusion of GH-releasing hormone(1-29)-NH2 in children with GH deficiency.

n = 6 humansOpen, uncontrolled continuous subcutaneous infusion study6 months

In 6 children with partial GH deficiency given continuous subcutaneous GHRH(1-29)-NH2 for 6 months, GH output rose early then fell back by 3 to 6 months (one child had GH fully suppressed) and only 3 grew significantly.

Key result24-hour integrated GH rose from 1.6 to 3.5 micrograms/l/minute early, then fell to 1.9 by 6 months
Studied
Children with partial growth hormone deficiency
Compared with
Before-treatment baseline
Main outcome
24-hour GH profiles and height velocity
Sample
6 children aged 8 to 10.3 years with partial GH deficiency
Authors' conclusion
A biphasic GH response was seen, with no correlation to height velocity; possible mechanisms include GHRH antibodies, somatostatin changes or pituitary desensitization.
Limitations
Six children, no control group, continuous infusion rather than injections.
PubMed 8329829DOI
~ Mixedhuman trialJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · 1997

Endocrine and metabolic effects of long-term administration of [Nle27]growth hormone-releasing hormone-(1-29)-NH2 in age-advanced men and women.

Ten women and 9 men aged 55-71Single-blind placebo-controlled trial: 4 weeks saline then 16 weeks of [Nle27]GHRH-(1-29)-NH2 10 microg/kg nightly5 months (16 weeks active treatment)

In 19 adults aged 55-71 (single-blind, placebo run-in), 16 weeks of a closely related GHRH(1-29) analog raised GH and IGF-I and skin thickness; lean mass, insulin sensitivity and well-being improved in men only; transient hyperlipidemia occurred.

Key result12-h integrated nocturnal GH increased in women (P < 0.01) and men (P < 0.05); IGF-I increased (P < 0.05); lean body mass increased in men only (P < 0.05)
Studied
Age-advanced men and women aged 55-71
Compared with
Placebo run-in (same subjects)
Main outcome
GH, IGF-I, body composition, insulin sensitivity, quality of life
Authors' conclusion
Nightly GHRH analog activated the somatotropic axis; lean mass, insulin sensitivity, well-being and libido improved in men but not women, and skin thickness increased in both. The only adverse effect was transient hyperlipidemia.
Limitations
Single-blind, small sample; tested a GHRH analog ([Nle27]GHRH-(1-29)-NH2), not sermorelin itself.
PubMed 9141536DOI
~ Mixedhuman trialMetabolism · 1997

Effects of single nightly injections of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH 1-29) in healthy elderly men.

Eleven healthy elderly men (spelled out in the abstract)Open before-and-after treatment study with nightly self-injection; no control group described6 weeks

In 11 healthy men aged 64-76 with low IGF-I, 6 weeks of nightly GHRH 1-29 injections raised nocturnal GH release and improved 3 of the muscle strength or endurance tests but did not change IGF-I, body composition or muscle histology; no significant adverse effects were seen.

Key resultNocturnal GH release rose (P < .02) with no change in IGF-I; upright row (P < .02), shoulder press (P < .04) and abdominal crunch (P < .03) improved; DEXA muscle and fat did not change
Studied
Healthy, ambulatory, non-obese men aged 64 to 76 years with low baseline IGF-I
Compared with
Before-treatment baseline
Main outcome
GH secretion, IGF-I, muscle strength and energy metabolism, body composition
Authors' conclusion
Single nightly GHRH 1-29 doses increased GH secretion and improved some measures of muscle strength and endurance without sustained IGF-I or body composition changes, and without significant adverse effects.
Limitations
n = 11, no placebo group stated, many outcomes tested.
PubMed 9005976DOI

Reviews

✓ PositivereviewBioDrugs · 1999

Sermorelin: a review of its use in the diagnosis and treatment of children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency.

No new dataDrug review

Review concluding sermorelin is a useful diagnostic test and effective in some GH-deficient children, though height gains were smaller than with somatropin and effects on final height were unknown; generally well tolerated.

Studied
Children with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency
Authors' conclusion
Sermorelin 1 microg/kg IV is a useful diagnostic test for GH deficiency, and limited data suggest once-daily subcutaneous 30 microg/kg is effective in some prepubertal children; effect on final adult height is yet to be determined.
Limitations
Limited data; not directly compared with somatropin, which gave larger height velocity increases.
PubMed 18031173DOI
? InconclusivereviewSports Med · 2026

Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance.

No new dataNarrative review of approved and unapproved peptides including sermorelin

Narrative review including sermorelin among peptides marketed for injury recovery and performance; notes rigorous human safety data are scarce for these uses.

Authors' conclusion
Many unapproved peptides show favorable tissue repair and metabolic outcomes in animal models, but rigorous human safety data are scarce and there is potential for serious harm to patients.
Limitations
Covers twelve peptides, not sermorelin alone; no original data.
PubMed 41966639DOI

Verdicts are judged on each paper's own main outcome; grades run from A (strong human evidence) to D (little or none). Details are read from the abstracts, and figures are reproduced only from openly licensed full texts. Not medical advice.