Key papers ✓ 3✗ 1~ 1? 7

• ? Inconclusive human RCTAdv Gerontol · 2006

  [Effect of thymomimetic vilon on blood coagulation system and fibrinolisis in diabetes mellitus type 1 patients of different age].

  Humanssize not reportedRandomized

  Clinical study; Vilon (Lys-Glu) added to treatment (design details not stated)

  Russian report in type 1 diabetes patients: adding Vilon reportedly reduced or abolished signs of chronic intravascular coagulation (DIC), less so in elderly patients with severe disease; patient numbers and effect sizes are not given in the abstract.

  Study details

  Studied

  Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus of different ages, in destabilization stage

  Main outcome

  Blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, DIC syndrome signs

  Sample

  Number of patients not stated in abstract

  Authors' conclusion

  Administration of thymomimetic Vilon significantly reduces or even totally diminishes DIC syndrome in type 1 diabetes patients; the effect is less pronounced in elderly patients with severe disease.

  Limitations

  Abstract gives no patient numbers, control group or effect sizes.

  PubMed 17152731
• ? Inconclusive human trialAdv Gerontol · 2007

  [Effect of vilon on the immunity status and coagulation hemostasis in patients of different age with diabetes mellitus].

  Humanssize not reportedNo control group

  Vilon added to complex therapy (design details not stated)

  In elderly type 1 diabetes patients, adding Vilon reportedly raised natural anticoagulants, stimulated fibrinolysis, normalized some immune markers and often lowered insulin requirement; no numbers reported.

  Study details

  Studied

  Elderly patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

  Main outcome

  Immune status and coagulation hemostasis

  Sample

  Number of patients not stated in abstract

  Authors' conclusion

  Vilon added to complex therapy optimized coagulation hemostasis (more antithrombin III and protein C, stimulated fibrinolysis), reduced insulin dose in most cases and normalized some immune markers.

  Limitations

  Abstract gives no patient numbers, control group or effect sizes.

  PubMed 18306698
• ? Inconclusive human trialAdv Gerontol · 2005

  [Application of peptide bioregulator in complex treatment of elderly cancer patients].

  Humanssize not reportedNo control group

  Preliminary experience with Vilon added to complex radical treatment

  Preliminary controlled report in elderly stage III colorectal cancer patients suggesting Vilon added to standard treatment improved 2-year survival and reduced complications; no figures given.

  Study details

  Studied

  Elderly patients with stage III rectal and colon cancer

  Main outcome

  2-year survival, complications, recurrence, quality of life

  Sample

  Number of patients not stated in abstract

  Authors' conclusion

  Preliminary results suggest Vilon may increase 2-year survival and help prevent postoperative complications, recurrences and dissemination, and improve quality of life.

  Limitations

  Preliminary results; no numbers, no stated control group in abstract.

  PubMed 16075684
• ✗ Negative animalInt J Cancer · 2002

  Inhibitory effect of the peptide epitalon on the development of spontaneous mammary tumors in HER-2/neu transgenic mice.

  Animalssize not reported

  Subcutaneous saline, Epitalon or Vilon (1 ug/mouse, 5 consecutive days every month) from age 2 months

  In HER-2/neu transgenic mice, Vilon increased mammary cancer incidence, shortened tumor latency and increased tumor number vs saline (whereas Epitalon reduced tumors).

  Key resultVilon increased mammary cancer incidence, shortened mean tumor latent period and increased cumulative number of tumors (all p<0.05) vs control

  Study details

  Studied

  Female FVB/N HER-2/neu transgenic mice

  Compared with

  Saline

  Main outcome

  Mammary tumor incidence, latency, number and size

  Sample

  Number of mice not stated in abstract

  Authors' conclusion

  Epitalon inhibited spontaneous mammary tumor development; Vilon produced significant negative effects on tumor outcomes compared to control.

  Limitations

  Mouse study; paper focuses on Epitalon.

  DOI 10.1002/ijc.10570PubMed 12209581
• ✓ Positive animalBull Exp Biol Med · 2000

  Effect of vilon on biological age and lifespan in mice.

  Animalssize not reportedLong-term (lifespan)

  Subcutaneous Vilon (Lys-Glu) from the 6th month of life

  Long-term Vilon in female CBA mice increased physical activity and endurance, prolonged lifespan and prevented spontaneous tumors, with no adverse effects on development noted.

  Study details

  Studied

  Female CBA mice

  Main outcome

  Physical activity, endurance, lifespan, spontaneous neoplasms

  Sample

  Number of mice not stated in abstract

  Authors' conclusion

  Vilon increased physical activity and endurance, prolonged lifespan and prevented spontaneous neoplasms, with no unfavourable effects on development; authors propose it for geroprotection.

  Limitations

  Mouse study; no numbers in abstract.

  DOI 10.1007/BF02682106PubMed 11140587
• ✓ Positive animalBull Exp Biol Med · 2001

  Inhibitory effect of peptide vilon on the development of induced rat urinary bladder tumors in rats.

  Animalssize not reported

  Vilon (Lys-Glu) vs controls during carcinogen-induced bladder carcinogenesis

  In rats given a bladder carcinogen, tumors developed in 56% of Vilon-treated vs 75.5% of control animals.

  Key resultTumors developed in 56% of vilon-treated animals vs 75.5% of controls; preneoplastic and early neoplastic changes decreased 2-fold

  Study details

  Studied

  Rats with urinary bladder tumors induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine

  Compared with

  Controls

  Main outcome

  Tumor incidence and preneoplastic changes

  Sample

  Number of rats not stated in abstract

  Authors' conclusion

  Vilon significantly inhibited induced bladder carcinogenesis in rats.

  Limitations

  Rat study; group sizes not stated in abstract.

  DOI 10.1023/a:1012354603132PubMed 11586406
• ~ Mixed animalAdv Gerontol · 2003

  [Combined effect of vilon and cyclophosphane on tumor transplants and lymphoid tissue explants in mice and rats of various age].

  Humans + animals

  Vilon (1 mg/kg), cyclophosphan (100 mg/kg) alone and together; organotypic spleen culture

  In mice with transplanted lung carcinoma, Vilon alone increased survival, but giving it together with cyclophosphamide decreased survival.

  Study details

  Studied

  Mice with transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma; spleen explant cultures from 1-day-old and 2-year-old rats

  Main outcome

  Survival of tumor-bearing mice; apoptosis and explant development in culture

  Authors' conclusion

  Vilon alone increased survival, while simultaneous vilon and cyclophosphan decreased survival; the authors suggest they should not be used synchronously.

  Limitations

  Animal and tissue culture study; no numbers in abstract.

  PubMed 14743610
• ? Inconclusive human trialRussian-languageДальневосточный медицинский журнал · 2008

  Применение вилона в лечении онкопатологии у пожилых больных с неоперабельными формами рака

  Humans30 peopleNo control groupTwo courses over 1 month; survival followed 2 years

  Clinical-immunological observation; radiotherapy plus Vilon, no control group stated

  30 elderly patients with inoperable stage III-IV cancer received radiotherapy plus Vilon; tumours shrank 30-80% and 2-year survival was 90%, but there was no control group (Russian journal, uncontrolled).

  Key resultTumour size fell 30-80%; 2-year survival 90%; lymphocytes, CD4+ cells fell and CD16+ cells rose by 1 month

  Study details

  Studied

  Elderly patients with inoperable stage III-IV cancers of various sites

  Main outcome

  Tumour size, tolerance of radiotherapy, survival, immune markers

  Sample

  30 patients with inoperable stage III-IV cancers

  Authors' conclusion

  Authors report positive clinical dynamics and good tolerance of radiotherapy and call Vilon promising for practical oncology.

  Limitations

  No control group; Vilon cannot be separated from radiotherapy; Russian regional journal.

  CyberLeninka (Russian)
• ? Inconclusive human trialRussian-languageДальневосточный медицинский журнал · 2007

  Опыт клинического применения тимомиметика вилона в лечении диффузного токсического зоба

  Humans37 peopleNo control group8-10 days of injections

  Clinical observation of Vilon added to treatment; controls not described in the abstract

  37 patients with Graves-type diffuse toxic goitre given Vilon injections reached clinical euthyroidism faster and had normalised T3/T4, per the authors; the abstract does not describe a control group (Russian journal).

  Study details

  Studied

  Patients with diffuse toxic goitre

  Main outcome

  Time to clinical euthyroidism; thyroid hormone (T3, T4) levels

  Sample

  37 patients with diffuse toxic goitre

  Authors' conclusion

  Vilon given over 8-10 days led to faster clinical euthyroidism and normalisation of T3 and T4 levels.

  Limitations

  Control group and effect sizes not given in the abstract; Russian regional journal.

  CyberLeninka (Russian)
• ? Inconclusive human trialRussian-languageМедицинская иммунология · 2008

  Сравнительное действие тималина, эпиталамина и вилона на состояние иммунитета у больных с осложненным течением острого аппендицита

  Humanssize not reported5 or 10 days of injections

  Comparative clinical study of three peptide preparations added to conventional treatment

  In patients with complicated appendicitis, adding Vilon (5 or 10 days), Thymalin or Epitalamin to standard care was reported to stimulate immunity, aid primary wound healing and shorten treatment by about 5-6 days; sample size not given in the abstract.

  Key resultTreatment shortened by a mean of 5-6 days; Vilon needed half as many injections as Thymalin or Epitalamin

  Study details

  Studied

  Patients with complicated acute appendicitis

  Compared with

  Conventional treatment; Thymalin and Epitalamin as comparators

  Main outcome

  Immune parameters, wound healing, length of treatment

  Sample

  Patient numbers not stated in the abstract

  Authors' conclusion

  The authors report immunostimulation, primary wound healing and shorter treatment with the peptides, with Vilon needing about half as many injections.

  Limitations

  Abstract gives no sample size or statistics; Vilon cannot be separated from comparators on the evidence stated.

  CyberLeninka (Russian)
• ? Inconclusive human trialRussian-languageДальневосточный медицинский журнал · 2014

  Лечение хронического генерализованного пародонтита с применением Вилона у больных пожилого и старческого возраста

  Humanssize not reported3 months follow-up

  Comparison of standard treatment vs standard treatment plus Vilon

  Elderly patients with chronic generalized periodontitis given Vilon plus standard treatment were compared with standard treatment alone; after 3 months standard-only patients had relapsed to baseline while about half of the Vilon group showed remission (small unclear design, Russian regional journal).

  Key resultRemission in 50 % of Vilon-treated elderly patients; standard-treatment groups returned to pre-treatment values by 3 months

  Study details

  Studied

  Elderly and senile patients with chronic generalized periodontitis

  Compared with

  Standard treatment

  Main outcome

  Clinical picture and periodontal indices

  Sample

  Patient numbers not stated in the text available

  Authors' conclusion

  Adding Vilon to complex treatment is said to improve clinical results in elderly periodontitis patients.

  Limitations

  Sample size, randomization and statistics are not given in the abstract.

  CyberLeninka (Russian)
• ✓ Positive animalBull Exp Biol Med · 2015

  Comparison of treatment options for experimental endometriosis in rats.

  Animalssize not reported

  Animal experiment comparing surgery, Vilon, and both

  In rats with experimental endometriosis, surgery combined with intraperitoneal Vilon gave the best reproductive-function outcomes of the options compared (the developer's group; abstract gives no numbers).

  Study details

  Studied

  Rats with experimental endometriosis

  Compared with

  Surgery alone, Vilon alone

  Main outcome

  Reproductive function

  Authors' conclusion

  Surgery combined with intraperitoneal Vilon is described as a promising option for treating endometriosis.

  Limitations

  Animal study; no quantitative results in the abstract.

  DOI 10.1007/s10517-015-2834-8PubMed 25778659

Reported side effects

No human adverse-event data in the candidates; one mouse study found Vilon accelerated breast cancer development.

✓ positive · ✗ negative · ~ mixed · ? inconclusive, judged on each paper's own main outcome. Grades: A strong human evidence → D little or none. Papers and verdicts are drawn from PubMed, Europe PMC and Russian journals (CyberLeninka); not medical advice.