To compare the embryological and reproductive outcomes of dual trigger versus conventional hCG trigger for final oocyte maturation in normal responder patients undergoing ICSI cycles.

This study evaluates a more affordable medication protocol for ovarian stimulation during in vitro fertilization (IVF). Standard IVF protocols use medications called gonadotropins to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs, but these medications can be very expensive and create a barrier to treatment. This clinical trial tests whether substituting a significant portion of these standard medications with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is just as effective. Researchers will compare the number and quality of eggs and embryos produced by women using the experimental hCG protocol versus …

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether short-term gonadotropin therapy (hCG + FSH) can increase sperm availability for ICSI in men with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and hypogonadism. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does hormonal optimization improve the likelihood of obtaining usable sperm (via ejaculate or micro-TESE) by Week 16? Does hormonal therapy reduce the need for micro-TESE or improve downstream embryological and clinical outcomes? Because there is a comparison group, researchers will compare hCG + FSH hormonal therapy with standard-of-care…

This study aims to explore whether the application of low-dose HCG in luteal support can improve the pregnancy outcomes of natural cycle frozen embryo transfer in obese patients

The objective of his study is to quantitatively evaluate a patient's pregnancy status using their beta-hCG levels when using venipuncture blood vs peripheral blood.

The aim of this randomized controlled study is to compare the efficacy of a modified dual trigger protocol \[a single bolos of HCG combined with two successive doses of a GnRH agonist \] with HCG \[a single bolos administered 36 hours before oocyte retrieval \] in triggering ovulation in normo-responders undergoing ovarian stimulation using the antagonist protocol.

The aim of this randomized controlled study is to compare the efficacy of double trigger protocol \[ the co-administration of GnRH agonist with HCG ( 38 - 39 and 35 - 36 h prior to ovum pick-up, respectively \] with HCG in triggering ovulation in patients with expected poor response to ovarian stimulation

This study compares two medical treatments to see how well they improve sperm production in men with infertility due to low sperm counts (oligospermia) or no sperm in the semen due to non-obstructive causes (nonobstructive azoospermia). Some men with these conditions have limited nonsurgical treatment options, and current therapies do not work for everyone. Participants in this study will be adult men ages 19 to 50 who have been diagnosed with oligospermia or nonobstructive azoospermia and do not have a correctable cause for infertility. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to rece…

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether different natural approaches to preparing the uterus for frozen embryo transfer (FET) can improve pregnancy success in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is a completely natural menstrual cycle more successful than a natural cycle in which ovulation is triggered with medication when preparing for frozen embryo transfer? 2. Does taking a medication called letrozole at the beginning of the cycle improve pregnancy success compared to not taking it? Researchers will compare fou…

The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to further examine the possible effects of low dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) priming for eight weeks in women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The investigators want to retest the findings of our first study in an identical paired design (NCT04643925), as an increase of 1.5 in mean number of oocytes retrieved is clinically relevant. To incorporate the strengths of a randomized controlled trial design, women will be randomized after their first ICSI trea…

This pilot study evaluates how progesterone levels change after hCG-triggered ovulation in modified natural cycles. Forty women preparing for frozen embryo transfer will have blood tests over 6 days to monitor hormone levels. The goal is to understand whether hCG affects the timing of the luteal phase and embryo implantation.

Without progesterone there is no pregnancy. Following ovulation, the endocrine function of the follicle changes and progesterone replacing estradiol becomes its main secretory product. In the follicular phase the increasing amount of estradiol secreted by the growing follicle builds up the endometrium, while in the luteal phase progesterone, the main product of the corpus luteum, prepares the endometrium for implantation. This process is called decidualization. If implantation occurs, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) secreted by the trophopblasts maintains the function of the corpus luteum. …

This project aims to activate dormant follicles in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency by injecting human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to explore the feasibility of a treatment plan that stimulates the growth of dormant follicles, not visible to the naked eye, to antral follicles visible under ultrasound, without visible follicle growth. The project also seeks to enable patients to conceive offspring carrying their own genetic material through in vitro fertilization (IVF) technology.

Graft-versus-host disease is a complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with high morbidity and mortality. The standard treatment is corticosteroids, and based on the response within 3 to 7 days, a second-line therapy is added, which is expensive and not easily accessible. The administration of human chorionic gonadotropin has shown therapeutic effectiveness in 50% of patients in reported clinical cases.

In pregnancies achieved through programmed frozen embryo transfer cycle (PC-FET) and modified natural frozen embryo transfer (mNC-FET), to determine whether there are differences in endothelial and placental function, maternal cardiovascular function, fetal growth and fetal cardiovascular and cerebral programming and to assess whether there is an association between these differences and the plasma concentrations of the main secretion products of the Corpus Luteum (CL) with vasoactive and angiogenic action.

This study aims to compare different ovulation triggering strategies in women with low ovarian reserve undergoing fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Ovulation triggering is a key step in IVF treatment, as it determines final oocyte maturation prior to oocyte retrieval. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three ovulation trigger approaches: human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) alone, follitropin delta combined with hCG, or dual trigger using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist plus hCG. The primary objective is to evaluate wether adding follitropin delta at the tim…

Men enrolled in the study are assigned to each APHRODITE group. Group 2,3,4 are treated with either gonadotropin preparations or clompihene-citrate (except group 4). The type of the treatment (gonadotropin vs clomiphene) is randomized. After treatment, hormonal measurements, spermiogram and DNA fragmentation tests are repeated, allowing for analysis of the outcome.

The goal of this pilot study is to assess the accuracy and precision of an at-home quantitative urine beta hCG (b-hCG) test in the management of pregnancy of unknown location (PUL).

To evaluate whether single euploid embryo transfer in NC without routinely administered LPS is non-inferior to NC with routinely administered LPS.

The study seeks primarily to determine whether modulation of systemic and testicular sex steroids balance by aromatase inhibitors will positively affect the metabolic health and spermatogenesis of men with Klinefelter syndrome (KFS) as compared to the current state of the art for each issue. Secondary objectives of this study are (i) to unravel the heterogeneity of the reproductive and metabolic phenotype of men with KFS by performing a multi-omic analysis in a large cohort at baseline; (ii) to evaluate the efficacy of semaglutide-induced weight loss to achieve metabolic and reproductive bene…

So this a Phase I study with primary objective to determine the feasibility and safety of combining post-transplant cyclophosphamide and urinary-derived human chorionic gonadotropin and epidermal growth factor (uhCG/EGF) as graft versus host disease prophylaxis in stem cell transplant with MMUDs Secondary objectives are to determine the incidence acute and chronic GVHD, progression-free survival , and overall survival

This study aims to examine how ovarian hormone fluctuations across the menstrual cycle affect sleep patterns. Using objective sleep tracking, hormone phase assessment, and validated questionnaires, it will assess changes in sleep quality, duration, menstrual symptoms, sleepiness, chronotype, anxiety, and depression over one full cycle.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of a single injection of 150 μg Corifollitropin Alfa (Organon 36286) to induce multifollicular development for controlled ovarian stimulation using daily recombinant FSH (recFSH) as a reference. The primary hypothesis is that a single injection of Corifollitropin Alfa is non-inferior to daily treatment with recFSH in initiating multifollicular growth.

This is a Phase 3, randomized, controlled, single-blind, multicenter, parallel-arm trial to assess the safety and efficacy of Pergoveris® (recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone \[r-hFSH\]/recombinant human luteinising hormone \[r-hLH\]) and GONAL-f® for multifollicular development as part of an assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment cycle in poor ovarian responders, as aligned with the 2011 Consensus Meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) criteria.

This is a Phase 2, interventional, prospective, multi-center, randomized, assessor-blind, active-comparator, dose-finding study to evaluate a new investigational long-acting follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in infertile women who are undergoing an assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedure (In vitro fertilization/Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection \[IVF/ICSI\]). This study will compare 3 doses of the investigational drug versus a currently marketed drug follitropin alfa (Gonal-f® revised formulation female \[RFF\] Pen) in regards to the number of fertilized oocytes.

Clinical trial objectives are to investigate the efficacy and safety of a single injection of 100 μg Org 36286 in women weighing 60 kg or less to induce multifollicular development for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), using daily recFSH as a reference.

This is a multicenter, multi-national, randomized, open-label comparative trial. After screening, the subjects will start down-regulation treatment on Day 21-22 of the cycle. Down-regulation treatment will start within 2 months following the screening visit. The routine long luteal phase protocol for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist treatment will be followed. Once down-regulation has been confirmed, a pregnancy test will be performed just before randomization and start of recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (r-hFSH) treatment to rule out any pre-existing pregnancy. If …

The primary objective of this trial is to demonstrate the non-inferiority of the clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer to the historical standard value in in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/embryo transfer (ET) cycles in Japan (Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology \[JSOG\] 2009 registry data: 24.3 percent \[%\]). The secondary objectives of this trial are to assess the biochemical pregnancy rate per ET, pharmacokinetics, and safety of COL-1620.

This trial is investigating the efficacy and safety of highly purified human chorionic gonadotropin (HP-hCG) and recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) for triggering of final follicular maturation in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation

Clinical validation of the assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment guidelines, which determine the optimal dose of recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (r-hFSH) based on subject baseline characteristics/predictors of ovarian response.

This is a randomized open-label study to compare between in-vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) outcomes of the two regimen of Cetrotide® (Cetrorelix acetate) which are 0.25 milligram (mg) used from Day 1 or Day 7 of the menstrual cycle (Day 0 or Day 6 of stimulation) in polycystic ovarian (PCO) women in assisted reproductive technology (ART).

This is a randomized, double-blind, single center clinical trial study to compare oocyte competence and risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) after receiving the standard dose of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) ovulation trigger or a lower dose of hCG plus concomitant follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) co-trigger in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

The study is a prospective, randomised, controlled, and non-blinded multi-center pilot study to evaluate endocrine efficacy of recombinant luteinizing hormone versus recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin administered during controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF/ICSI in normogonadotrophic women.

a number of infertile women who were prepared for ICSI and immediately post ova pick up intrauterine flushing with human chorionic gonadotropin was done to study the effect of this drug on ICSI outcome and ultrasound parameter.

The worldwide prevalence of primary and secondary infertility is estimated at \~2% and 10.5%, respectively, among women aged 20-44 years and attempting to conceive. Poor ovarian responders (PORs) involve 9-24% of patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF). proper tailoring of the ovarian stimulation protocol in order to maximize the number of oocytes collected represents a crucial step for them to eventually conceive. Recent evidence indicates that in the same menstrual cycle, there are multiple follicular recruitment waves. This coincides with the theory that folliculogenesis occurs in…

This a prospective randomized double blind study involving patients at high risk of OHSS development with peak serum E2 levels \< 4,000 pg/ml comparing the ongoing pregnancy rates in patients who receive adjuvant hCG 1,000 IU at the time of GnRH agonist trigger or adjuvant hCG 1,500 IU 35 hours after GnRH agonist trigger.

This is an open-label, parallel-group, randomized, multicenter Phase III trial to compare the efficacy and safety of a single 250 microgram (mcg) subcutaneous dose of MSJ-0011 to a single 5,000 international units (IU) intramuscular dose of urinary human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in inducing ovulation in Japanese women diagnosed with anovulation or oligo-ovulation. Ovulation induction therapy will be undertaken with follitropin alfa. The primary objective is to show that MSJ-0011 is non-inferior to urinary hCG, as assessed by the ovulation rate.

The purpose of this investigational study is to determine how much male hormone, testosterone, is necessary to maintain sperm production in the testis. This knowledge will be used to help in the development of a safe male hormonal contraception.

Evaluate the effectiveness of adding lutropin alfa (recombinant human luteinizing hormone \[r-hLH\]) in the middle of the follicular phase compared to no addition, in infertile women at risk of poor response stimulated with follitropin alfa (recombinant Follicle-Stimulating Hormone \[r-FSH\]) under Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) antagonist in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), in the number and quality of oocytes, follicular development, fertilization oocyte, embryo quality, and pregnancy rate.

Jeffrey Chang MD is conducting a research study to learn more about the increased male hormone levels, otherwise known as androgens, seen in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Women with PCOS have ovaries that are comprised of many cysts, or follicles. They also have irregular or absent menstrual periods and symptoms of increased male hormones, such as facial hair or acne. In each part of the study (except part 4 which is for PCOS women only) we will be comparing responses of PCOS women to normal controls

Women with PCOS suffer from excess male hormone (androgen) production by the ovary. Androgen is made by cells that surround follicles that contain eggs. As the follicles (and eggs) grow and mature, there are more androgen producing cells. Women with PCOS have more follicles than normal women and therefore more androgen producing cells. While androgen production has been associated with the number of follicles, the relationship to the individual size of follicles in PCOS or normal women. This study intends to determine whether the size and number of ovarian follicles are correlated to androgen …

This was a prospective, open, non-comparative study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of recombinant human luteinizing hormone (rhLH, Luveris) administered subcutaneously (s.c.) in follicular development during ovulation induction in 31 Chinese female subjects with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

The mechanism for increased androgen production in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is not well understood. Excess androgen production by the ovary is stimulated by increased pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in this disorder. The investigators hypothesize that in PCOS women ovarian theca cells, which are responsible for androgen synthesis, are more sensitive to LH stimulation compared to that of theca cells from normal women. To test this hypothesis, the investigators propose to conduct a dose-response study in which androgen responses to multiple doses of human chorioni…

In women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the cardinal physiological abnormality is excessive ovarian androgen production marked by increased serum testosterone (T) and androstenedione (A) levels. Studies to determine the alteration in ovarian steroidogenesis that lead to abnormal production of ovarian androgens have revealed increased CYP17 gene expression with accentuated 17-hydroxylase activity leading to exaggerated 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17P) responses to luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulation. In contrast, T and A responses did not distinguish between PCOS and normal women, although…

The purpose of this study is to investigate monitoring methods during ovulation induction cycles with letrozole and their effect on pregnancy rates. Monitoring ovulation induction cycles with letrozole can be done with a variety of methods, the two most commonly utilized are home-based urinary LH kits (or ovulation predictor kits) and office-based midcycle follicular ultrasound. Letrozole coupled with follicular monitoring by ultrasound may add extra cost per cycle with no improvement in fecundability (pregnancy rates per cycle).

This study will assess if corifollitropin alfa (MK-8962), when administered in combination with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), will increase testicular volume in men with HH who remain azoospermic after treatment with hCG alone. Hypothesis: The lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for the geometric mean increase in testicular volume from Day 1 to Week 52 is greater than one.

The purpose of the study is to investigate whether corifollitropin alfa (MK-8962), administered alone for 12 weeks and then in combination with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for 52 weeks, increases the testicular volume in adolescent males aged 14 to \<18. In addition, the study will evaluate participants for safety, tolerability and for the development of corifollitropin alfa antibodies. No formal hypothesis will be tested for this estimation study

Worldwide, 1 in 12 couples experience difficulty in getting pregnant and seek the help of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF-egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body), ovarian stimulation (medications are used to stimulate egg development) and intra-cytoplasmic injection (ICSI-single sperm is injected directly into the egg). Regardless of the ART procedure being performed, the newly fertilized embryo must still implant into the mothers endometrium (inner lining of uterus). This implantation process in humans is surprisingly inefficient and accounts…

The objective of this trial is to evaluate whether corifollitropin alfa (MK-8962, Org 36286) treatment for the induction of multifollicular growth in women undergoing Controlled Ovarian Stimulation (COS) prior to in vitro fertilization (IVF) or Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is safe for pregnant participants and their offspring.

Ovulation trigger is needed in in vitro fertilization (IVF) to get mature eggs. Routinely, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is used for that purpose given its similarity to the natural hormone that does this job in a natural cycle (luteinizing hormone, LH). In a natural cycle another hormone takes part in the process (follicle stimulating hormone, FSH). To induce a natural-like ovulation surge that includes LH and FSH , gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist can be given. The purpose of this study is to find out which approach may work better in IVF patients who experienced 4 IVF fai…

The objective of follow-up study P05713 is to evaluate whether corifollitropin alfa (Org 36286) treatment for the induction of monofollicular growth in women who underwent ovulation induction (OI) in base study P05693 (NCT00697255) is safe for pregnant participants and their offspring.

In recent years, frozen-thawed embryo transfer procedure (FET) has been widely used to increase the cumulative pregnancy rate per IVF-cycle: which is the best preparation protocol remains a matter of debate. A retrospective analysis was conducted between 2012-2017. The aim was comparing clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) of pure natural cycle frozen-thawed embryo transfer (NC-FET) versus natural cycle frozen-thawed embryo transfer with hCG-triggered ovulation (mNC-FET).

The objective of this field study is to demonstrate the clinical performance of the Sofia hCG FIA Test, using urine specimens from females of childbearing age.

The purpose of study is to assess the efficacy of add-on estrogen pretreatment in GnRH antagonist protocol on oocyte retrieval as compared with GnRH antagonist protocol for patients with poor ovarian response Add-on estrogen pretreatment protocol is superior to none pretreatment GnRH antagonist protocol for the number of oocytes retrieval

One of the most limiting factors in the field of assisted reproduction is implantation failure. A new approach to increase the chances of success involves the use of cells from the patient's blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which once isolated can be cultured for a few days and then inseminated back into the uterine cavity prior to embryo implantation. It has been shown that the immune system plays a major role in the process of embryo implantation. To date, at least three international clinical trials appear to confirm the usefulness of intrauterine administration of PBMC in …

The purpose of this study is to evaluate if BhCG testing to determine the completion of medical abortion simplifies the medical abortion protocol. Investigators hypothesize that women randomized to ultrasonographic determination of completion of medical abortion will have MORE follow-up visits/interventions beyond standard protocol than those randomized to medical abortion follow-up with serum BhCG. The investigators also hope to explore satisfaction with BhCG based follow-up among women seeking medical abortion. Investigators hypothesize that the majority of women who choose to follow-up wit…

The aim of the present study is to investigate serum estradiol and progesterone levels in women conceiving after natural, estradiol + progesterone or gonadotropin stimulated frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of administration of low dose of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) after use of clomiphene citrate (CC) for induction of ovulation in infertile women having CC resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

This is a randomized controlled trial on the comparison of the ongoing pregnancy rate in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles with spontaneous ovulation and hCG-induced natural cycles.

Techniques to improve pregnancy and delivery rates in IVF cycles have focused not only on the embryos transferred, but also the conditions in the uterus at the time of transfer and implantation. Prior studies have shown that embryos secrete human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) prior to implantation. However, in IVF cycles, the embryos have limited time to secrete hCG before implantation must occur because embryos are placed into the uterus rather than traveling there from the fallopian tubes. Recent studies have shown that the introduction of hCG into the uterus prior to embryo transfer may make…

We recently reported the superiority of the natural cycle to a natural cycle controlled by the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for planning the frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles, demonstrating a probable negative impact of exogenous hCG on endometrial receptivity.Based on the above findings we conducted the first prospective study that assesses whether there is a difference in pregnancy rate after intrauterine insemination (IUI) in a natural cycle with spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) rise compared to natural cycles controlled by hCG for final ovulation.

The implantation rate after frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles depends mostly on the receptivity of the endometrium and the embryo quality.The effects of human chorionic gonadotropins (hCG) on the endometrium have been investigated for several years. hCG was shown to up-regulate gene expression during the differentiation of human endometrial stromal cells into decidua. The aim of our study was to assess the benefit of hCG supplementation throughout the secretory phase of artificial frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.

We have in a pilot study found that serum calcium levels change in response to hCG stimulation test. We observed that serum calcium level measured at baseline and 72 hours after hCG stimulation were different in men with gonadal insufficiency referred for this stimulation test. Now we want to investigate a large cohort of men referred for hCG stimulation test due to suspected impaired gonadal function.

Two hundred and twenty women with singleton pregnancies and risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth were included in this study. Cervico vaginal fluid sampling was undertaken for qualitative assessment of β -human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and fetal fibronectin(fFN)at 24 weeks of gestation. For qualitative assay of both b-hCG and fFN, first vaginal specimens were collected by the following method: Specimen collection A sterile Cusco speculum was introduced into the vagina; the anterior lip of the cervix was grasped with sponge forceps and a cotton-tipped swab was placed into the ext…

This was an open, randomized, comparative study using rhCG (Ovidrel) in the induction of final follicle maturation and early luteinization in Chinese female subjects undergoing IVF or ET.

The aim of this study is to assess the role of AMH in prediction of poor ovarian response as well as the relation between ESR2 (+1730G\>A) (rs4986938), FSHR p.Thr307Ala (c.919A\>G, rs6165) and FSHR p.Asn680Ser (c.2039A\>G, rs6166) SNPs and the poor response in Egyptian women undergoing IVF procedure. Discovering the genetic variants associated with ovarian response is an important step towards individualized pharmacogenetic protocols of ovarian stimulation.

A prospective randomized study included 210 women with Unexplained infertility subjected to combined ovarian stimulation and Intrauterine insemination (IUI). Two equal groups. Study group, subjected to uterine flushing with Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) one day before IUI and control group subjected to IUI alone.

This study is a randomized controlled clinical trial to compare the pregnancy outcomes of infertile women with frozen embryo transfer. The study population in frozen embryo transfer cycles receive three doses of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) to recognize the effectiveness of HCG on pregnancy outcomes in Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan institute, Tehran Iran.

Studies have shown that the follicles greater in diameter was most likely to have a mature oocyte that was capable of fertilization and best suited for development into a high-quality embryo. Smaller follicles showed lower rates ( 60%). Lately new triggering protocols have emerged aiming to improve the proportion of mature oocytes at the time of retrieval. The aim of this study is to learn the effects of the dual triggering compared to the standard hCG triggering on the oocyte development and quality as a function of the follicle size

The study will describe the effectiveness of ovarian stimulation in correlation with female infertility causes in a Lebanese population: a comparative study using 5 protocols of ovulation induction (treatment with "A" gonadotropins alone, "B" short GnRH agonist, "C" multiple-dose GnRH antagonist, "D" long GnRH agonist and "E" combined protocol of GnRH antagonist and agonist) and the outcomes of ICSI. This comparative study will help clinicians to select the relevant protocol of ovarian stimulation related to the female infertility disorders.

To salvage the luteal phase and improve pregnancy rate in antagonist IVF/ICSI cycles triggered with GnRH agonist. Two strategies are compared supplementing the luteal phase with three small doses (500 IU) of HCG and giving a booster dose of HCG (1500 IU) on the day of ovum pickup.

To salvage the luteal phase and improve pregnancy rate in antagonist IVF/ICSI cycles triggered with GnRH agonist. Two strategies are compared dual trigger with GnRH agonist plus 1000 IU of HCG or triggering with GnRH and giving a booster dose of HCG (1500 IU) on the day of ovum pickup.

This study aims to compare clinical pregnancy rates (CPR) in patients who are administered either Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for ovulation trigger in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles. A prospective randomized comparative study was conducted at Hue University Hospital in Vietnam. Total of 197 infertile women were randomly assigned to receive either GnRHa trigger (n=98 cycles) or hCG trigger (n= 99 cycles) for ovulation trigger. Patients returned for ultrasound monitoring 24 hours after IUI to confirm ovulation. A clinical pregnanc…

To demonstrate the comparative safety and efficacy of Cetrotide® 3 milligram (mg) and Antagon™ in the inhibition of a premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in women undergoing ovarian stimulation with recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone/human menopausal gonadotropin (r-hFSH/hMG) prior to assisted reproductive technology (ART) and utilizing oral contraceptives pill (OCP) for cycle programming.

Subfertility is the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Around 15% of couples suffer from subfertility. As a treatment for subfertility, Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) have been a choice for subfertile couples. In Egypt in 2010, Pregnancy Rate was calculated to be 36.2%, Live Birth Rate to be 25.7%. Implantation is the process by which the embryo adheres to the wall of the uterus. Endometrial receptivity plays the most important role for successful implantation after embryo quality. It is estimated that up to 70% of early pregnancy losses a…

The present study is designed as a pilot study with 50 patients in each group. Data collection form will be filled by the researcher who does not know the type of intervention in each group

The present study is designed as a pilot study with 150 patients in each group. Data collection form will be filled by the researcher who does not know the type of intervention in each group. Data analysis will be done through descriptive and perceptive statistical methods by using SPSS software version 20 for windows

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of DA-3803(r-hCG) and Ovidrel for inducting final follicular maturation and early luteinization in women undergoing ovulation induction for assisted reproduction treatment

This study is a prospective randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy of the urinary and recombinant hCG on oocyte quality for ovulation induction in women undergoing IVF/ICSI.

The specific aims of this study were to assess whether letrozole as an aromatase inhibitor plus hCG or OT alone, or in combination compared with CC, improves ovarian response.Ethical design of this study is based on the ethical guidelines of the Iranian Medical and Health Ministry which is accepted by Tabriz medical university ethical committee .

To investigate the efficacy and safety of a single injection of GenSci094 to induce multi-follicular development for controlled ovarian stimulation using daily recombinant FSH (recFSH) as a reference. The primary hypothesis is that a single injection of GenSci094 is non-inferior to daily treatment with recFSH in initiating multi-follicular growth.

All participants started with a combination of recombinant FSH 300 U and urinary Gn 150 U from the 2nd day of the cycle then the dose was adjusted according to the ovarian response From day 6 of the cycle, follow up using transvaginal ultrasound was done either daily or on alternate days according to the ovarian response. When the leading follicle reached 12 mm, GnRH antagonist was started using Cetrotide 0.25 subcutaneously daily till the day of triggering. Triggering was done when at least 3 follicles larger than 14 mm and at least one of them reached a mean diameter of 17 mm or more. At t…

During controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is administered to trigger the final follicular maturation before oocyte retrieval, in an attempt to mimic the physiologic effects of LH. The hCG is administered when more than three follicles ≥17mm in mean diameter have developed. The time interval between hCG administration and oocyte retrieval is of critical importance since the time after luteinizing stimulus is a period of intense processes including the start of luteinization, expansion of cumulus cells and oocyte meiotic maturation. The commonly prac…

The rational of the study is to assess the implantation, pregnancy and live birth rates after the transfer of frozen- thawed embryos in natural cycles with spontaneous Luteinizing Hormone (LH)/Progesterone rise or in natural cycles controlled by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for final oocyte maturation and ovulation.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the clinical equivalence and the general tolerability of two different subcutaneous hCG preparations (hCG-IBSA, IBSA vs Ovitrelle, Serono) when administered to patients undergoing IVF.

This is a randomized controlled clinical trial to investigate the effect of dual trigger (hCG and GnRH agonist) on the final oocyte maturation compared to the standard hCG trigger in patients with poor ovarian reserve seeking IVF/ICSI treatment.

The widespread availability of efficient contraception as well as women's increased education has led to childbearing postponement. Combined with the increased recognition of the concept of "ovarian aging", this has opened the Pandora´s box of EOC, which is currently considered a safe and cost-efficient approach among assisted reproduction techniques. Previous studies have shown that two main factors determine the CLBR after EOC: 1) patient's age at the time of oocyte banking, and 2) the number of oocytes retrieved. Therefore, measures aiming at increasing the oocyte yield, specially the numb…

The purpose of this study is to investigate any potential advantages of replacing human chorionic gonadotropin (uhCG) with recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (recHCG) for final oocyte maturation with regard to Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)pathophysiology, endometrium receptivity and embryo quality and clinical pregnancy.

The goal of this interventional study is to investigate the role of beta-hCG levels in uterine cavity lavage for differentiating between ectopic pregnancy and early pregnancy loss in female patients aged 18-45 years. The main questions it aims to answer are as follows: 1. Can beta-hCG levels in uterine cavity lavage provide a decisive cut-off value for distinguishing between ectopic pregnancy and intrauterine pregnancy (early pregnancy loss)? 2. How do beta-hCG levels in uterine cavity lavage compare with venous blood beta-hCG levels and pathological results, final diagnoses? Researchers wil…

The aim of our study is to define the optimal ovarian stimulation protocol concerning PGD and for this reason we plan a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist protocol versus GnRH antagonist protocol. The follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) preparation in both arms will be highly purified FSH (Menopur®).

The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the influences of three different treatment strategies on biochemical parameters and testicular volume (TV) in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH).

This study will be conducted to assess the effect of booster dose of hCG on the unruptured follicles in non IVF/ICSI cycles.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) co-administration with human chorionic gonadotrophins trigger for women with unexplained infertility (UEI) and assigned for letrozole (LTZ) stimulated intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles .

The study compares in a randomized controlled way two stimulation methods. One of these stimulation methods implements a new insight in ovarian follicular growth. If this novel method of stimulation proves to be as efficient as the classical stimulation protocols, there might be a dramatic reduction of the costs of the medical therapy in IVF, thus reducing also the overall IVf costs significantly.

The purpose of the study is to evaluated whether there is a difference in pregnancy rate when transferring frozen embryos between patietns having spontaneously ovulated versus those triggered to voulate with HCG.

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the efficacy of Dydrogesterone alone versus Dydrogesterone combined with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in the treatment of threatened miscarriage in first trimester pregnancy. Threatened miscarriage is defined as vaginal bleeding with abdominal or pelvic pain in early pregnancy with a closed cervical os. It is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and may lead to pregnancy loss if not managed appropriately. In this study, eligible women aged 18-40 years presenting with threatened miscarriage will be randomly assigned into two…

This study aimed to assess the correlation between HCG levels after ovulation triggering and ICSI outcomes, affected by HCG formulation and dose

Urologists and reproductive specialists are often challenged when facing patients with severe male infertility scenarios. In particular, the treatment of men with NOA demands a deeper insight. In such cases, .

Despite recent advances in clinical and laboratory techniques of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), the pregnancy rate remains around 30% per cycle. It has been estimated that 50% to 75% of lost pregnancies are due to failure of implantation. The process of implantation is a locally controlled paracrine/juxtacrine-mediated phenomenon. Successful implantation depends on the synchronized "cross-talk" between a functional blastocyst and a "receptive" endometrium. This process leads to apposition, attachment and invasion of embryos and subsequent normal placentation. So the objective of this…

Two groups will be recruited. The first group are pregnant ladies that have unequivocal rupture of fetal membranes that is diagnosed by seeing the amniotic fluid leakage in the vagina. The second group are normal pregnant ladies without rupture of membranes. both groups will be tested by taking vaginal washing fluid. Quantitative and qualitative pregnancy tests will be measured in this fluid.

In standard IVF stimulation cycle,human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is usually used at the end of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) as a surrogate to only the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. Yet, the last dose of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is usually given between 12-24 hours before the hCG triggering dose.One protocol used at the investigators unit, after a cycle with low proportion of mature oocytes per number oocytes retrieved, is triggering with high dose hCG (500 mcg)-38 hours prior to oocyte aspiration. Lately, new researches showed that dual triggering of final oocyte …

The traditional therapy for induction of spermatogenesis in male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism requires both HCG and human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) or FSH until pregnancy occurs. Because of the high cost of hMG or FSH preparations and poor compliance, the investigators raise a new sequential therapeutic approach which can make the treatment more economic and tolerable. The zinc supplement will be also evaluated in patients in this study. This randomized, parallel, open, and multi-center study will compare the efficacy of traditional therapy with new therapy and evaluate the safety of the …

There is evidence that has shown that serum testosterone levels are low in persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). The question arises as to whether the defect in testosterone production is from the hypothalamic pituitary system (part of the brain that plays a role in testosterone release) or from the male testes. Studies to date are inconclusive. This study, will examine if persons with SCI has a normal hormonal regulation of the male hormone testosterone in comparison to persons who are able-bodied. This will help understand the physical and metabolic changes that occur in persons wit…

The purpose of this study is to investigate levels of progesterone in the luteal phase after various stimulations in the follicular phase and treatment with GnRH antagonist protocol followed by GnRHagonist as induction of ovulation.

To assess the effect of transabdominal ultrasound guided embryo transfer on the pregnancy rates versus clinical touch technique

In in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, even after adequate triggering, some patients present a high rate of immature oocytes retrieved after controlled ovarian stimulation. In vitro oocyte maturation is still an experimental technique, with poorer results than conventional IVF. For that reason improve in in vivo maturation could have a better impact on reproductive outcome.

The objective of the study is to elucidate the effect of synchronizing initiation of ovarian stimulation treatment with follicular wave emergence in poor responder patients undergoing IVF/ICSI and ET. We hypothesize that initiating treatment on day 1 versus day 4 of the cycle will increase the number of follicles recruited and oocytes retrieved.

The endometrium is deprived of signals form the embryo in IVF conditions. Studies suggest that placing HCG into the uterus prior to embryo transfer can enhance implantation.

The goal of this study is to investigate the efficacy of different internet based delivery methods for patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. The parameters we want to study is pain, disability, fear of movement, and quality of life.

Preterm labor is defined as regular contractions of the uterus resulting in changes in the cervix (effacement and dilatation) that start before 37 weeks of pregnancy. (1) Although preterm labor constitutes only 10% of total labors, yet 70% of infant's mortality is related to prematurity. It is therefore one of the international indices in assessment of health condition worldwide. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (H.C.G.) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein produced primarily in the placenta and has multiple endocrines, paracrine and immunoregulatory actions. (3) The importance of H.C.G. in maintenance…

In this study,the investigators compared two protocols for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in infertility patients requiring IVF. In the control group, the patient undergoes a standard antagonist protocol. In the study group, the administration of gonadotropins is stopped in the late follicular phase and replaced by low dose human chorionic gonadotropins. The primary endpoint of the study is the number of oocytes retrieved in both groups.

This is a single center, open-label, randomized, parallel group, dose finding study to evaluate safety and efficacy of recombinant human luteinizing hormone (r-hLH, LHadi®), compared with urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin (u-hCG, Profasi®), both given subcutaneously, in inducing ovulation in infertile women undergoing stimulation of follicular growth with recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (r-hFSH, Gonal-F®).

This is a prospective, open-label, multicenter, trial evaluating subject satisfaction and efficacy with follitropin alfa injection applied by Pen device compared with the subject's previous experience with injectable gonadotropins in oligoanovulatory infertile women undergoing ovulation induction

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if injection oxytocin can be used as trigger in ovulation induction cycles in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does injection oxytocin have similar ovulation rate as injection human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) when used as trigger? * Does injection oxytocin have similar pregnancy rate as injection human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) when used as trigger? Researchers will compare injection oxytocin to injection hCG to see if injection oxytocin is as effective as injection hCG as trigger in o…

observation of females condition will getting pregnant by undergoing assisted reproductive technologies, the most important of which is the in vitro fertilization (IVF), where blood and follicular fluid samples are collected from them at the same stage of in vitro fertilization, and then monitor the IVF outcomes until pregnancy occurs or not, based on blood tests. The levels of interested markers in blood and follicular fluid samples of the study individuals are assayed in order to compare these levels with the egg criteria such as egg number and maturation rate and finally compare the results…

A novel gonadotropin protocol for ovarian stimulation adds low-dose hCG (50- 200 IU) as a source of LH (luteinizing hormone) in the late follicular phase . This regimen reduces the number of small pre-ovulatory follicles which could reduce the risk of OHSS(ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome). Adequate ovarian hormonal levels , oocyte maturation, avoidance of a premature LH surge, and increased pregnancy rate are the other benefits of this regimen. HCG might also affect endometrial function, stimulate endometrial growth and maturation and enhance the endometrial angiogenesis. These effects co…

This research is to investigate the response of vascular active factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiotensin-Ⅱ (AT-Ⅱ) to ovary stimulation during 24h in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Controled prospective clinical study involved 60 women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Fifty-two patients with PCOS and 8 control cases were stimulated with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (4st to 7th days of the cycle).The blood was sampled before the injection (0 hour) and at the 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours points…

The purpose of this trial is to study whether addition of different doses of human chorionic gonadotropins during controlled ovarian stimulation for patients undergoing IVF will improve the number of top-quality embryos.

There is a decline in androgen concentration with ovarian aging. Also, ovarian response to COH in IVF cycles diminishes with ovarian aging. Recent evidence suggest that testosterone or DHEA may improve ovarian response in poor prognosis patients by increasing intraovarian androgen concentration. A physiological way to induce androgen synthesis within the ovary is to stimulate theca cells androgen production by hCG stimulation. By doing this in the previous cycle we might expect a better response to COH.

In an era of delayed fertility plans, there is an increasing need for a reliable method to predict ovarian reserve and responsiveness. The current tests include serum FSH, Inhibin B, Mullerian inhibiting factor (MIF) and ultrasonographic measures such as ovarian volume and number of antral follicles are non-specific and with questionable reliability. The biochemical tests represent the function of production of androgens, as a predictor of ovarian reserve, has not been tested yet. Working hypothesis and aims: testing the prognostic capability of hCG stimulating test of theca cells for estimat…

Subjects are female patients, randomized to HCG group or placebo group, during a prospective trial, in order to determine the significance, if any, of HCG on maintaining muscle mass during a very low calorie diet in order to demonstrate the potential significance of HCG administration on preserving lean body mass while losing weight.

Selection of developmentally competent oocytes enhances IVF efficiency. Usually, oocyte quality is determined based on its nuclear maturation and the presence of specific cytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic morphologic features. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH Agonists) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists (GnRH Antagonists) are used during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols in order to prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and premature ovulation. However, GnRH receptors are also expressed in extra-pituitary tissues such as ovary, but it is still un…

Selection of developmentally competent oocytes enhances IVF efficiency. Usually, oocyte quality is determined based on its nuclear maturation and the presence of specific cytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic morphologic features. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH Agonists) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists (GnRH Antagonists) are used during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols in order to prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and premature ovulation. However, GnRH receptors are also expressed in extra-pituitary tissues such as ovary, but it is still un…

The aim of this prospective, non-randomised, open-label, clinical trial is to compare the effects of two pituitary suppression regimens; GnRH Agonist-Long Protocol and GnRH Antagonist-Flexible Protocol on clinical and embryological IVF/ICSI outcomes, and on the follicular fluid levels of Placental Growth Factor (PlGF); which is known for his pivotal role in the regulation of ovulation, embryo development, and implantation.

This prospective, non-randomised, open-label, clinical trial is conducting on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) subjects to compare the effects of two pituitary suppression regimens; GnRH Agonist-Long Protocol and GnRH Antagonist-Flexible Protocol on clinical and embryological IVF/ICSI outcomes, and on the follicular fluid levels of Placental Growth Factor (PlGF); which is known for his pivotal role in the regulation of ovulation, embryo development, and implantation

study the effect of aromataze inhibitor induction together with short stimulation protocol by gonadotrphin releasing hormon antagonist in cases that expected to be poor responder before ICSI

After hCG trigger a large amount of exogenous progesterone is used for luteal phase support in many countries until 10th week of gestation. Instead we suggest the use of two small doses of hCG after the trigger during the early luteal phase after GnRHa trigger, promoting the endogenous progesterone production from the corpora lutea (CL).

Repeated implantation failure（RIF） is a insurmountable bottleneck in assisted reproductive technology, many studies have considered that the cause of two-thirds of implantation failure is the decreased endometrial receptivity. After exclude some major local immune factors(NK,CD138 cells) and implantation window out of phase, There are still a part of patients infertile .Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is an early pre-implantation signal molecule secreted by the embryo, it can promote endometrial proliferation, increase blood flow and promote embryonic adhesion and inhibit self-regulated apo…

Venous thromboembolism (VTE - blood clots that form in deep veins or in the lungs) has been identified as a leading cause of death in economically developed countries for pregnant and recently-pregnant women. There is evidence that clotting parameters can take up to 6 weeks to return to normal for women who have had term deliveries, however there is an absence of information on time taken for clotting parameters to normalise following abortion. As such, existing guidelines are based solely on expert opinion and recommend durations of VTE prevention from as short as 7 days, up to 6 weeks foll…

Effects of gonadotrophin replacement therapy Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress Parameters of Patients with Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

In the present study, the rate and extent of hCG absorption will be compared between the two treatments in healthy women aged 20 to 45 years.

The study design included six visits. During the first visit (visit 0), the subjects underwent physical examination(height, weight, body mass index (BMI), arm span, and upper segment measurement) and testicular ultrasound (US) for the calculation of testicular volume. At 0800 h of day 0, all subjects provided a basal blood sample immediately followed by a single intramuscular injection of hCG of 5000 IU. Further five visits were performed each of five following consecutive days after the hCG injection. A blood sample was taken at each visit after an overnight fast

Effects of hCG replacement therapy on metabolic syndrome parameters in hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.

A pilot study showed that serum calcium levels and calcium homeostasis change in response to hCG stimulation test. Serum calcium level differed when comparing pretreatment values at baseline with serum levels 72 hours after hCG stimulation in men with gonadal insufficiency referred for this stimulation test. Now we want to investigate whether this change in calcium is due to renal loss or other mechanisms and how the classical regulators of calcium homeostasis respond to hCG in men with impaired gonadal function compared with men having normal gonadal function. Moreover, the observed change in…

This study will determine the rise of progesterone levels after human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) trigger in stimulated cycles IVF/ICSI

The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of low dose human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in combination with clomiphen citrate to induce ovulation and its endocrine response in patients who had previously failed to ovulate on clomiphen citrate alone. The investigators will also compare the effectiveness and endocrine response of this approach with the regimen of adding HMG to clomiphen citrate.

Natural cycles are evaluated during fertility treatments for different therapeutic options, like insemination (IUI), time intercourse (TI) or frozen-thawed embryo transfers (FET). Two possible protocols can be used for natural cycles, with or without hCG trigger. Usually, studies including natural cycles consider both options as equivalent, not considering the possible bias that the exogenous hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin) might have. In this prospective study, Investigators aim to evaluate the differences in the hormonal profile during the ovulation when it occurs spontaneously vs trigge…

With the development of the recombinant gonadotrophins, the use of human source proteins for the production of hormones has become unnecessary. These proteins, which are found in urinary preparations, have been thought to cause the local, post-injection adverse events (AEs) in some subjects. There has been a demand by physicians for an alternative to urinary products for treatment. Due to allergies to urinary products, or other personal reasons, subjects were not able or willing to be treated with proteins of human origin. This study allowed subjects to be treated with the recombinant human c…

We want to investigate if early follicular phase downregulation and androgen priming, by use of GnRH antagonist, aromatase inhibitor and hCG before COH in a short protocol, shows signs of improvement compared to standard short antagonist protocol

This multi-center center phase I/II study to establish the lowest possible recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of corticosteroids in conjunction with ruxolitinib and uhCG/EGF (a novel combination) for high-risk aGVHD. This is a single arm study designed to determine the lowest dose of corticosteroids required (toxicity endpoint) without impairing GVHD complete response or partial response (CR/PR) at day 28 when given in conjunction with uhCG/EGF and ruxolitinib. After completion of the corticosteroid dose finding, the final dose will be carried forward into a two-stage phase II extension trial t…

Up to half of all cases of recurrent pregnancy loss are unexplained (uRPL). Evidence points towards endometriosis and progesterone resistance as an underlying cause of uRPL. Previous non-RCT studies have suggested the luteal hCG provides a useful treatment for uRPL. We propose performing a randomized controlled trial to compare mid-luteal hCG with oral progesterone to prevent early pregnancy losses. the endpoint will be ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates. Equal numbers of patients will be randomized to each group.

The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of tailoring dosage of low-dose hCG secondary to serum hCG levels during IVF ovarian stimulation on sustained implantation rates of preimplantation genetically tested euploid embryos.

Investigation of Natural Cycle In vitro Fertilisation (NC-IVF) treatment with ovulation induction with a nasal GnRH agonist instead of regular NC-IVF treatment with subcutaneous application of hCG with the objective of increasing treatment tolerability and reducing discomfort while being equally successful in terms of embryo transfer rates.

The purpose of this investigational drug study is to determine how much male hormone, testosterone, is needed to maintain sperm production in the testis.

The objective of this prospective randomized clinical trial is to investigate whether the addition of low-dose hCG to a short GnRH-agonist protocol for IVF and ovarian stimulation with rFSH from the onset of the follicular phase and throughout stimulation in sub fertile women undergoing IVF, improves pregnancy rates.

This study will test whether longer-term suppression of adrenal function can ameliorate androgen (male hormone) overproduction in overweight early pubertal girls with androgen excess. The investigators hypothesize that suppression of nighttime adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) production by 12 weeks of evening oral hydrocortisone administration will improve androgen levels in girls with adrenal androgen overproduction. Specifically, this intervention will improve androgen levels after adrenal stimulation testing with ACTH or ovarian stimulation testing with recombinant human chorionic gonadot…

Repeated implantation failure（RIF） is a insurmountable bottleneck in assisted reproductive technology, many studies have considered that the cause of two-thirds of implant failure is the decreased endometrial receptivity. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is an early pre-plant signal molecule secreted by the embryo, it can promote endometrial proliferation, increase blood flow and promote embryonic adhesion and inhibit self-regulate apoptosis of trophoblast cells. Previous studies showed that: intrauterine injection of HCG before embryo transfer can improve clinical outcomes in IVF/Intracytop…

The primary aim of this study is to find out if ovulation triggered with hCG provides any additional benefit in comparison to spontaneous LH surge measured with the LH surge home test when transferring frozen-thawed embryo in a natural cycle.

This study, conducted in India, will be recruiting women participants who are between the ages of 18 and 42, and who have an indication for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), but have not yet undergone in-vitro fertilization and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). The study is designed to compare the difference in oocyte (immature egg cell) production after administration of the investigative drug, MK-8962 (corifollitropin alfa) + recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (recFSH), in contrast to use of only the reference drug, recFSH.

The project is a randomized, controlled, prospective study of oocyte donors comparing the safety and efficacy of triggering ovulation using a combination of two drugs-GnRH agonist and very low dose hCG-versus triggering ovulation with a standard hCG dose alone or a standard GnRH trigger alone.

This is a phase IIIb, interventional, multicenter, multinational, randomised, open-label, comparative trial which primary objective is to generate data on the ovarian stimulation profile obtained when Luveris® is started either on Day 1 or Day 6 in women in advanced reproductive age (36-42) undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technique (ART).

The purpose of this study is to compare gene expression profiles in endometrial biopsies during the window of implantation after triggers of oocyte maturation using GnRH agonist or hCG and compared with their natural cycles in order to identify genes that may be dysregulated in GnRH agonist-triggered cycles. The investigators also intend to evaluate patients feeling of well being and physical quality of life after GnRH agonist trigger compared with hCG trigger.

The purpose of this study is: * To assess the neurological outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with NTx®-265, when compared with patients given a placebo control. * To assess the safety and tolerability of NTx®-265 when given to acute ischemic stroke patients.

To assess the safety and tolerability of NTx™-265 when given to acute ischemic stroke patients. To assess the neurological outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with NTx™-265, when compared with patients given a placebo control.

This is a Phase IV, pilot, open-label, national, multi-centric study planned to determine the gene expression profiles and histologic changes of the endometrial tissue before and after stimulation with Gonal-f®. Physicians are interested in identifying predictive genetic markers in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in addition to the clinical predictive factors already known. Among those predictive factors, the state of the endometrium is considered as an important implantation determining factor for which pharmacogenomic research is of great interest. The direct benefits of this study…

RATIONALE: Chemoprevention is the use of certain drugs to keep cancer from forming. The use of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin may prevent breast cancer in premenopausal women with BRCA1 mutations. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin in preventing breast cancer in premenopausal women with BRCA1 mutations.

Primary objective: To assess the neurological outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with NTx™-265, when compared with patients given a placebo control. Secondary objective: To assess the safety and tolerability of NTx™-265 when given to acute ischemic stroke patients.

This is a Phase 2, interventional, multi-center, randomized, assessor-blind, active-comparator, dose-finding study to evaluate a new investigational long-acting follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in oligo-anovulatory women undergoing ovulation induction (OI). This study will compare 4 doses of the investigational drug versus a currently marketed drug follitropin alfa (Gonal-f ®) prefilled pen with regards to ovulation rate.

Ovarian reserve is related to chronological age; 35 years of age is the accepted threshold for significant decline in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) success with scarce follicular recruitment and poor oocyte retrieval. New therapeutic schemes are sought to improve follicular response in ovarian ageing because of the increasing number of infertile women aged older than 35 years who are trying to get pregnant. The advent of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue antagonist (GnRHant) offers new perspectives to address the issues related to advanced reproductive age since it prevents pr…

The primary objective of this trial is to evaluate whether a corifollitropin alfa (Org 36286) regimen applying a single or repeated dose of corifollitropin alfa followed by a low daily dose of Human Chorion Gonadotropin (hCG) or recombinant Follicular Stimulating Hormone (recFSH) can induce monofollicular growth (one follicle ≥18 mm and no other follicle ≥15 mm at day of bolus injection of hCG) in women with WHO group II anovulatory infertility.

Sponsor has decided to discontinue Luveris® in the United States (US) due to level of customer demand for this product, and not due to any efficacy or safety concerns.

In the project, the investigators aim to determine the Beta- human chorionic gonadotropin (BHCG) value with serial measurements on the same day in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Based on available evidence and given the potential beneficial effects of resveratrol in folliculogenesis and in oocyte development, the investigators designed a randomized, controlled, double-blind, single-center trial, whose objective will be the comparison of biological and clinical outcomes of resveratrol supplement in women undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles for unexplained infertility. To the knowledge of the investigators, no study has been published on the potential effect of resveratrol on IVF/ICSI outcomes considering couples with this infertility diagnosis, which may be the natural target …

Intramuscular injection of HCG to prepare endometrium for frozen embryo transfer

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare GnRH-agonist trigger with dual GnRH-agonist and HCG trigger in oocyte donors. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Maturation rate (Metaphase II/ Total number of COCs collected) * Fertilization rate * Embryo quality day 3 * Fragmentation rate embryo day 3 * Blastulation rate (Day5/6/7) * Quality of blastocyst (Gardner criteria) Participants will undergo controlled ovarian stimulation with a GnRH antagonist protocol Researchers will compare the effects of final maturation with GnRH-agonist trigger to a dual trigger (hCG and GnRH-a)

The aim of the study is to compare the pregnancy rate between women treated with Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonist together with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) and standard luteal support with progesterone following transfer of frozen embryos in in-vitro-fertilization (IVF) natural cycles.

Poor ovarian responders (POR) include a significant proportion of women referred for IVF treatments (ranging from 9 to 24 %), most of whom are in late reproductive age. In fact the live birth rate in the entire POR category is poor (about 6 % per cycle). However patients \<40 years have a significantly better prognosis compared to older patients, mainly due to better oocyte quality.Attempts to improve IVF cycle outcomes for poor responders included modifying the steps of ovarian stimulation protocols , such as different luteal phase pretreatments, increasing ovarian stimulation doses, as well…

Standard IVM currently contains urinary purified hormones which might contain contaminants possibly affecting maturation of embryo development. The investigators will test if the efficiency in terms of oocyte maturation after IVM of recombinant (without contaminants) is equivalent to urinary gonadotropins. Urinary and recombinant FSH and hCG will be used in equivalent bioactivity as measured in IU/ml and specified by the manufacturer. Sibling oocytes of the patient will be subjected to IVM medium containing urinary or recombinant gonadotropins. Oocyte maturation is the primary outcome, however…

This study aims to investigate the efficacy of 3 different trigggers used for final maturation in the second ovarian stimulation in double stimulation protocol (aGnRH and hCG-rec vs. aGnRH only vs. hCG-rec only). The main objective is to compare the number of all retrieved oocytes and mature oocytes in patients predicted to be low ovarian responders. This is a controlled randomized clinical study where 165 patients will be recruited.

Objectives: The overall clinical question is whether LH supplementation to men in indication for FSH according to the AIFA note 74, or with HH, will improve spermatogenesis and pregnancy rate (spontaneous or after ART) over FSH alone or FSH+hCG. However, since LH has never been used in men so far, the first, specific object of this study is the assessment of pharmacodynamics and safety profile of LH in HH men. To this end, this study will evaluate the pharmacodynamics and safety profile of recombinant LH (Luveris) and compare the response to Luveris and urinary hCG (Gonasi HP) in HH men. The …

The purpose of this trial is to compare the efficacy and safety of the PPOS protocol to the GnRH antagonist protocol in patients with PCOS who are undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles.

The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of expectant management in the treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy and identification of different factors that can be used to predict its success.

Ectopic pregnancy is an early pregnancy complication in which a fertilized ovum implant outside the uterine cavity. Implantation may occur anywhere along the reproductive tract with the most common implantation site being the fallopian tube. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is 1% of pregnant women, and may seriously compromise women's health and future fertility. Currently, ectopic pregnancy can be often diagnosed before the woman's condition has deteriorated, which has altered the former clinical picture of a lifethreatening disease into a more benign condition in frequently asymptomatic w…

The purpose of this study to evaluate a low cost minimal stimulation protocol combined with Intravaginal Culturing, to make IVF affordable and available across the large infertile/subfertile population

Estradiol valerate in the form of cycloprogenova™ (white tablet only) was started on day 2 or 3 of cycle with oral dose 4 mg divided on 2 doses in addition to Aspocid 75 mg once daily with folic acid 500 mcg once daily.

Luteal phase deficiency (LPD) accounts for most failures of assistant artificial reproduction (ART) and early pregnancy loss for patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). Luteal phase support (LPS) is one of the indispensable interventions in ART treatments for IHH patients, which includes progestin, estrogen, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and GnRH agonists (GnRHa). We aim to verify additional hCG injection 48 hours following routine hCG trigger and ovulation for LPS on the basis of supplementation of estrogen and dydrogesterone could improve clinical pregnancy rate, …

One hundred patients who suffered from recurrent implantation failure in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were allocated in the study. On ovum pick-up day, 50 of them were intrauterine injected with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and the other 50 were injected with intrauterine Human Chorionic Gonadotropins (HCG). The clinical pregnancy rate was evaluated as a primary outcome and ultrasound imaging of the gestational sac was evaluated as a secondary outcome

Intrauterine Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) was compared with intrauterine Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) in increasing clinical pregnancy rate as a primary outcome and ultrasound imaging of gestational sac as a secondary outcome.

The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to determine whether co-administration of GnRH agonist and hCG for final oocyte maturation ( 40 and 34 h prior to oocyte retrieval , respectively) can increase the oocytes yield in patients with history of poor oocytes yield, despite normal response to COH, due to low (\<50%) number of oocytes retrieved per number of follicles \> 14 mm in diameter on day of hCG administration

The objective of the study is to determine the relative contributions of four established predictors of hyperandrogenism (luteinizing hormone \[LH\] secretion, ovarian response to recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin \[r-hCG\] administration, adrenal response to adrenocorticotropic hormone \[ACTH\] administration, and hyperinsulinemia) in older vs. young women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in a cross-sectional, physiological study. The investigators hypothesize that hyperinsulinemia is a stronger independent predictor of free testosterone (T) in older reproductive aged (vs. young) …

A cohort study involving 200 women candidate for IVF / ICSI cycles . The participants will be assessed through full history-taking with special consideration to age and the duration, type, and cause of infertility. The medical examination included general, abdominal, and vaginal examinations. Finally, an ultrasonography examination was performed to check for the presence of three or more preantral follicles and to exclude ovarian cysts. On day 3 of a natural cycle, a baseline levels of FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), , estradiol and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH).Ovarian stimulation was perform…

to determine the most suitable time for administration of (human chorionic gonadotropin )hCG prior to intrauterine insemination (IUI) to optimize pregnancy outcome and to have the best success rates so the cases divided in to four groups according to the time of hCG administration .

Women with intramural myoma not reaching the endometrial cavity will be randomized to either open myomectomy or no intervention . The participants will be assessed through full history-taking with special consideration to age and the duration, type, and cause of infertility. The medical examination included general, abdominal, and vaginal examinations. Finally, an ultrasonography examination was performed to check for the presence of three or more preantral follicles and to exclude ovarian cysts. On day 3 of a natural cycle, a baseline levels of FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), , estradiol and …

This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of long term use of hCG alone or hCG plus hMG in the treatment of male patients with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). One third of the participants will receive hCG treatment alone and the other third of the participants will receive hCG treatment alone for six months, then the hMG will be added. And the last third of the participants will receive hCG and hMG treatment since the beginning of the treatment.

100 patient of unexplained infertility recruited and divided into two groups for the study group (50) endometrial scratching done in preovulatory period after controlled ovarian stimulation by clomiphene citrate , then followed and compared to control group for 6 months to asses pregnancy rate

Agonist triggering in controlled ovarian stimulation protocols is being used during last years (among high responder patients to avoid OHSS). Indeed, agonist triggering is more physiologic than HCG triggering. Investigators propose to compare the effectiveness of both types of trigger among three different subsets of patients: 1. Poor responders. 2. Normo-responders 3. High responders Comparing both the number and the quality of achieved oocytes.

Our and others experience suggest that in some cases delaying oocyte pick up (OPU) for more than 39 hours after hCG injection may be of benefit. We plan to apply this to 20 women in whom less than 20% of oocytes were found suitable for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The delay will be for up to an interval of 47 hours from hCG to OPU.

The management of the poor responder patients is very difficult. Currently, there is no any standard treatment for poor responder patients. The study is designed to test a modified GnRHa protocol for poor ovarian response, low dose GnRHa early luteal phase down regulation, compare with GnRHa ultra-short protocol. This is a randomized controlled trial.

Background The trigger for the final maturation of the ovum by providing integration of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) and Gonadotropin - releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist was first introduced long ago, but clinically not accepted until the advent of GnRH antagonist protocol in IVF treatment. In a recently published work which compared two types of ovulation induction (standard dose of hcg and in combination of GnRH agonist) in women with normal ovarian response, there was a statistically significant increase in the rates of implantation, clinical pregnancies and live births rates by prov…

The purpose of this study is to compare two luteal support protocols in In vitro fertilization patients (IVF) and are at risk of developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). We would like to determine whether luteal Decapeptyl on days 3, 6,9 post ovulation triggering is as good as low dose hCG on day 3 post triggering..

Observe the therapeutic efficacy of human menopausal gonadotropin combining with human chorionic gonadotropin in adolescent boys with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Embryo freezing is a technique used commonly to optimize the pregnancy rate in assisted reproduction techniques (ART). Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) regimen is applied to prepare endometrium for frozen embryo transfer (FET) commonly.At present, It is unclear whether preimplantation low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) improves live birth and pregnancy rates in subfertile women undergoing FET. The study is a prospective randomized controlled trial to compare the pregnancy outcomes of FET in hormonal replacement therapy(HRT) cycles with or without LMWH administration before implantation.

Comparing the reproductive outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles in women at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) subjected to gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol followed by trigger with concomitant GnRH agonist (GnRHa) and low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration (dual trigger), GnRHa trigger with single luteal low-dose HCG or GnRHa trigger with multiple luteal low-doses HCG

The purpose of study is to compare the effectiveness of the Day-5 fixed administration of GnRH antagonist versus flexible administration of GnRH antagonist during ovarian stimulation in Chinese women with predicted high ovarian response, and the hypotheses is that the number of oocyte retrieved in fixed protocol is not inferior to GnRH antagonist flexible protocol.

Preliminary reports showed that hormonal treatment may improve the chance of retrieving viable testicular sperm from men with NOA. It was generally believed that gonadotrophin treatment would be ineffective in the presence of high plasma levels of endogenous gonadotrophin.The purpose of this study is to determine whether GnRHa(gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist) combined with hCG(human chorionic gonadotropin) and hMG(human menopausal gonadotropin) are effective in the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether intrauterine hCG can improve the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate after embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI cycle.

Individuals undergoing In Vitro Fertilization must undergo controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) to produce enough quality eggs for fertility treatment. Ovarian follicular responsiveness to COH with gonadotropins is extremely variable between patients and even from cycle to cycle for the same patient. Achieving an ideal follicular response is critical to the success of assisted reproduction treatment (ART). Patients have been classified as 'poor', 'normal' or 'high' responders, which dictate the amount of gonadotropins that they receive. It is still important to develop treatments with hig…

110 infertile women diagnosed as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) at the age group of 20-35 distributed randomly : * 55 women will receive letrozole 2.5mg twice daily orally from the 2nd day to the 6thday of the cycle for three successive cycles. * 55 women will receive clomiphene citrate 50 mg twice daily orally from the 2nd day to the 6thday of the cycle for three successive cycles. Patients will be subjected to: Complete history taking: 1. Details about name, age 2. Menstrual history with determination of menarche 3. Amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea , Regularity of the cycle 4. History of e…

Induction of ovulation cycle: 1. Gonadotrophines is started on day 2 with HMG(merional, IBSA) ,until the day of HCG administration(choriomon,IBSA10000IU) with starting dose 300 to 450iu. 2. GNRH antagonist (cetrorelix 0,25mg s.c, cetrotide, serono laboratories, Aubonne Switzerland) is given using flexible protocol, it is given when at least one follicle reaches size 14 mm to prevent premature lutenization ,until the day of hCG administration 3. Ovarian ultrasound scans were performed using a 5.0-9.0 MHZ multi frequency trans vaginal probe (mindrayDP-5)to assess the ovarian response till the m…

Evaluation of the effect of altering the timing of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration on the clinical pregnancy rate in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles.

Women with history of previous IVF cycle failure will be subjected to a fresh IVF cycle. At the time they will be undergoing embryo transfer, 50 IU of human chorionic gonadotropins diluted in 0.025ml of tissue culture media will be injected intrauterine by embryo transfer catheter 10 minutes before embryo transfer procedure.

The study aims to examine the effect of intrauterine injection of HCG on pregnany rate in women undergoing IVF treatment.

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of recombinant human chorionic gonadotrophin (rHCG) and urinary HCG (uHCG) in patients undergoing IVF cycles.

A multicentric study looked into 179 poor responders who underwent antagonist protocol in ICSI cycles Gonadotrophines is started on day 2 with HMG until the day of HCG administration with starting dose 300IU to 450IU,with no pretreatment with OCPs or progestogens or estrogen. GNRH antagonist (cetrorelix 0,25mg s.c, cetrotide, serono laboratories, Aubonne Switzerland) is given using flexible protocol, it is given when at least one follicle reaches size 14 mm to prevent premature lutenization ,until the day of hCG administration Ovarian ultrasound scans were performed using a 5.0-9.0 MHZ multi …

This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial to compare the pregnancy outcomes of frozen embryo transfer in natural and hormonal replacement cycles. The study population consisted of all infertile women with regular menstrual cycles who will undergo IVF/ICSI and frozen embryo transfer in Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan institute, Tehran Iran.

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist is sufficient for triggering final oocyte maturation in GnRH antagonist protocol and can significantly reduce incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in high-risk patients. However, lower oocyte yield was reported in patients with lower luteinizing hormone (LH) level post trigger with single injection of GnRH agonist, which might be related to the shorter duration and lower amount of LH induced by GnRH agonist. Our aim is to study dual trigger with GnRH agonist and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for preventing OHSS and maintaini…

Insulin resistance (IR) in men may be the underlying pathogenesis for metabolic abnormalities and chronic hypospermatogenesis similar to women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). Infertile men with unexplained infertility and IR may benefit from treatment with metformin.

A thin endometrium is one of the most difficult problems encountered in assisted reproduction every day practice Regarding the proliferative phase, several ways of treatment have been undertaken to circumvent thin endometrium trying to increase thickness with questionable results. The objective of the current study will be whether a daily dose of 150 IU (international units) of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for seven days concomitant with estrogen administration in estrogen replacement cycles can increase the endometrial thickness and improve pregnancy outcome.

Choriogonadotropin alfa (Ovidrel®) is a recombinant hCG (rhCG) preparation derived from genetically engineered Chinese hamster ovary cells, which is widely used for final oocyte maturation triggering in assisted reproductive technology (ART).Recombinant hCG has been investigated about its safety and efficacy comparing with urinary hCG, but still the optimal dose of rhCG is questionable. From former studies, there only have been proven that high dose of hCG can make ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in usual condition. On the other hand, we hypothesize that high dose of hCG may improve o…

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can have unwanted facial or male-patterned body hair, irregular menstrual periods, or no menstrual periods excess body weight, and infertility. It also results in elevated androgen levels such as testosterone. In women with PCOS, the majority of excess androgens are produced by the ovaries. However, it is unknown whether the ovaries are fully active during early puberty. The purpose of this study is to determine how the ovaries contribute to the production of male hormones in the body during different stages of puberty, so that it can be better under…

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is the most common disorders of sex development (DSD).Therapy for IHH includes hormone replacement therapy, gonadotropin therapy and pulsed infusion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).In the present study, we compared the different efficacy and safety of pulsatile GnRH pump therapy with combination gonadotropin therapy on fertility and sexual development in male patients with IHH.

Cryopreservation of all embryos and transferring them subsequently in assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles to improve outcome.

To access whether the ovulation triggering with rec-HCG instead urinary-HCG has any impact on the blastulation rate and pregnancy rate of patients undergoing IVF treatment